searchn Date s Games ; Sexytightass n Html s Entertainment ; Html nsearchs Entertainment ; Date n 2007 s Entertainment ;
nsearchs
; 2007 ¡
M Szh ne Date searchº Date ×search)± Games hsearchs Games i Date fsearchr
nsearch Sexytightass igsearchr Sexytightass tivwww.devilsfilm.com mea Sexytightass i
g Szh i 2007 searchh Date ne 2007 e Html an 2007 searchnsearchl Html s Html asearchg Szh a Entertainment e 2007 . Games I Szh searchh Sexytightass nsearchse Date ° Entertainment on Games ey Date ±searchissearchosexy+nurse+sunny++victort Szh n Date l
ksearchnsearchd 2007 t Html asexy+nurse+sunny++victorsm 2007 rsite:nu.sexytightass.com a
d Games a 2007 ilewww.xg70.compersearcho Szh , i
hsearchc Szh m
e 2007 dsearchto Szh y Sexytightass s Sexytightass n Date e. 2007 T
e 2007 C Games i 2007 ese_ Sexytightass p%C5%B7%D6%DD%C9%AB%CD%BCesearchosearchpsearchle Date osearchfsearcht Games ensearch Date j Games o Szh ki Entertainment ngly cal Games l Entertainment Sexytightass cl Szh esearchv Html er Entertainment ansearchd c Entertainment usexy+nurse+sunny++victorte c Entertainment h Entertainment i
l Html dren Sexytightass ¡°searchl 2007 it
tle mosearchnk%C5%B7%D6%DD%C9%AB%CD%BCesearchy Szh ¡search± Date . Date Bsearchu 2007 t, Szh if you praise a western child ¡°You are like a little monkey.¡±, he will be angry, thinking that you curse him. Because in English, ¡°little monkey,¡± means ¡°a troublesome playful child¡±. And ¡°monkey¡± is often likened to a person with a whole bag of tricks, e.g. ¡°The man is as tricky as a monkey. (ÄÇÈ˹î¼Æ¶à¶Ë£¬¼«Îª½Æ»«¡£)¡± Therefore, in English, expressions with ¡°monkey¡± have derogatory meanings, e.g.
¡°monkey business (µ·¹í£¬ÆÈ˵Ĺ´µ±)¡±; ¡°monkey around (Ïе´£¬Ï¹Åª)¡±;
¡°monkey meat (ÃÀÙµ£ºÁÓµÈÅ£Èâ)¡±;
¡°suck the monkey (Ó¢Ùµ£ºÐï¾Æ)¡±.
¡°petrel (º£Ñà)¡±. In English the petrel is considered as an omen of disaster. The Longman Dictionary of English-Chinese offers us the explanations: ¡°A stormy petrel is a person whose presence excites discontentment, quarrelling, etc. in a social group.¡± The reason for such a dislike is that they think petrel is the symbol for disaster. However, in China the word ¡°petrel¡± is associated with braving hardship and adversity, advancing with perseverance and courage. The spirit is well reflected in the poem petrel written by Gorky, a famous Russian writer.
magpie (ϲȵ)£¬ To English people, if a magpie (ϲȵ) flies near a window, it is a symbol of bad luck. There are two explanations in The Oxford Advanced Learner¡¯s English-Chinese Dictionary: (a) person who collects or hoards things (°®ÊղػòÖü²Ø¶«Î÷µÄÈË), (b) person who chatters a lot (°®ÈÄÉàµÄÈË). All these explanations are figurative with derogatory meanings. On the contrary, a magpie is a symbol of good luck in China. If a magpie sings in a tree near houses, people would think some happy things would happen. So Chinese people often say, ¡°Magpie sings, happy thing comes.¡±
¡°fish¡±£¬ ¡°fish¡± and ¡°Ó㡱 has quite different cultural figurative meanings in English and Chinese. In English ¡°fish¡± has derogatory meaning that refers to bad things and persons, e.g.:
¡°a poor fish (¿ÉÁ¯³æ)¡±;
¡°a loose fish (Éú»î·Åµ´µÄÅ®ÈË)¡±;
¡°fish in the air (Ë®ÖÐÀÌÔÂ)¡±.
In Chinese the letter ¡°Ó㡱 and ¡°Óࡱ are homophones. Therefore, in the important festivals such as Spring Festival, Chinese people would like to use ¡°fish¡± as an indispensable dish to symbolize ¡°abundance¡±.
¡°elephant (Ïó)¡±£¬ In China, ¡°elephant (Ïó)¡± is a mascot£¨¼ªÏéµÄ¶«Î÷£©. Many places in China are named for the letter ¡°Ïó¡± such as
¡°Ïóɽ¡± in Zhejiang province,
¡°ÏóÖÝ¡±, ¡°Ïó±Çɽ¡± in Guangxi province,
¡°ÏóºÓ¡± in Tibet, etc.
¡°Elephant¡± also symbolizes status. For example, in remote antiquity¹Å´ú, the noble ladies wore clothes with designs of elephants (Ïó·þ); The emperors rode on elephants. The ¡°elephant¡± is dotedÄç°® by Chinese people because of the Buddhist legends. It is said that the Buddhist patriarch was the reincarnation»¯Éí of white elephant. On the contrary, in English white elephant (°×Ïó) is likened to things that are useless and often expensive. The allusion is originated from a folk story that in Siam (now Thailand), the king would give a white elephant as a present to a subject that he did not like. The subject would have to spend all his money on looking after the rare animal. Therefore, there exist such expressions in English,
¡°elephantine (±¿×¾)¡±,
¡°elephant humor (õ¿½ÅµÄÓÄĬ)¡±,
¡°elephant task (ÀÛ׸µÄ»î¶ù)¡±.
2.2 Some animal words with commendatory figurative meaning in English, but with derogatory figurative meaning in Chinese
¡°dog¡±. The dog is very interesting and closely related with people. Most of the ¡°dog¡± expressions possess a commendatory sense or at least a neutral sense in English. It is all right to refer to certain people as
¡°big dog (ÖØÒªÈËÎï)¡±,
¡°top dog (ÓÅʤÕß)¡±,
¡°lucky dog (ÐÒÔ˶ù)¡±, etc.
in English. ¡°To help a lame dog over the stile½×ÌÝ¡± means ¡°to help someone in difficulty¡±.
¡°To let sleeping dogs lie¡± means ¡°to make no trouble¡± or ¡°not to disturb people¡±.
¡°Every dog has its day,¡± means ¡°every person will some day succeed or become fortunate.¡±
Such usage does not contain derogatory meaning. But figures of speech like these are not proper in Chinese as the word ¡°¹·¡± in most Chinese phrases is associated with some derogatory meanings, as is reflected in sayings like
¡°¹·µ¨°üÌì¡¢
¹·¼±Ìøǽ¡¢
¹·Í·¾üʦ¡¢
¹·ÍÈ×Ó¡¢
¹·ÑªÅçÍ·¡¢
ÀÇÐĹ··Î¡¢
¹·ÑÛ¿´È˵͡¢
É¥¼Ò֮Ȯ¡¢
¹·×ìͲ»³öÏóÑÀ¡±, etc.,
even though most Chinese now think the dog is man¡¯s faithful friend.
However, in some cases the word ¡°dog¡± may have derogatory sense in English, as is shown in the following examples:
¡°yellow dog (±°±ÉÖ®ÈË)¡±,
¡°dirty dog (ö»öºÖ®ÈË)¡±,
¡°sly dog (ÒõÏÕÖ®ÈË)¡±,
¡°dead dog (ÎÞÓõÄÈË)¡±,
and some vulgar languages:
¡°son of bitch (¹·ÔÓÖÖ)¡±,
¡°you dog (¹·¶«Î÷)¡±,
¡°that cur (СÔÓÖÖ¹·)¡±, etc.
¡°Owl (èͷӥ)¡± is very popular with the western. The Greeks use ¡°owl¡± to stand for AthensÑŵä, which is famous for its many owls. And it¡¯s said that Athena, the woman patron saint was given an owl as her mark. It symbolizes wisdom, calmness, gravity and steadiness. In dispute among birds and beats, it is the owl that they go to for advice, and we can see such idiom
¡°as wise as an owl¡±.
If we use ¡°owlish¡± to describe somebody, we want to say he is clever or serious, e.g. ¡°Patrick peered owlishly at us through his glasses. (ÅÁÌØÀï¿Ë͸¹ýËûµÄÑÛ¾µÑÏËà¶ø»úÖǵØÉóÊÓ×ÅÎÒÃÇ¡£) ¡± But in Chinese, the figurative meaning of the word ¡°owl¡± is quite different. ¡°Owl¡± is described as the devil, ill omenÕ÷Õ× and evil. People are afraid of seeing an owl, especially seeing its entering the house, so there are proverbs which go like these:
¡°Ò¹Ã¨×Ó½øÕ¬£¬ÎÞʲ»À´¡±;
¡°Ò¹Ã¨×Ó¶¶Ëӳᣬ´óСÓеãʶù¡±.
The mere sight of an owl or the sound of its hooting might cause people to draw back in fear.
¡°bear¡±. To Chinese people ¡°bear¡± means ¡°cowardly and timid¡± or ¡°stupid¡±, such as ¡°±¿ÐÜ¡±, ¡°ÇÆÄÇÐÜÑù¡±, etc. However, in English, people use ¡°bear¡± to refer to those persons having special ability, for instance, ¡°He is a bear at music. (ËûÊÇÒôÀÖÌì²Å¡£)¡±
3 Different animal association vehicles and similar figurative meanings
Different animal words have similar cultural connotations in English and Chinese languages and people use different animal words to express similar meanings. Even though the animal association vehicles are different, they have similar figurative meanings.
For instance, agriculture is the foundation of China¡¯s economic development, so the cattle (Å£) play a great role in Chinese culture. There are so many expressions which use ¡°cattle¡± as association vehicles, such as
¡°×³ÊµÈçÅ£¡±,
¡°Å£Æø³åÌ족,
¡°ÏóÀÏ»ÆÅ£Ò»ÑùÐÁÇÚ¹¤×÷¡±,
¡°¹ý×ÅÅ£Âí²»ÈçµÄÉú»î¡±.
However, in the Middle Ages, horse was not only the inseparable part of Knights¡¯ lives, but also the animal kept and used by the imperial families. So English people give horse many good figurative meanings such as
¡°as strong as a horse¡±,
¡°to work like a horse¡±,
In English, there are many figurative expressions using the word ¡°horse¡± as association vehicles, e.g.
¡°change horse (»»Âí)¡± is likened to ¡°change groups or leaders (»»°à×Ó»òÁìµ¼ÈË)¡±;
¡°from the horse¡¯s mouth (µÚÒ»ÊÖµÄ)¡±;
¡°talk horse (´µÅ£)¡±, etc.
Similarly, Great Britain is an island country, so fishery is important. Therefore, there exists such figurative expression
¡°to drink like a fish (Å£Òû)¡±.
To Chinese people, ¡°tiger¡± is referred to as the king of animals and stands for power, vigor and bravery. So there are many expressions with the letter ¡°»¢¡±:
¡°Ó¢ÐÛ»¢µ¨¡±,
¡°ÁúÕù»¢¶·¡±,
¡°²ØÁúÎÔ»¢¡±,
¡°È绢ÌíÒí¡±,
¡°»¢½«¡±, etc.
But in English ¡°tiger¡± symbolizes cruelty. The western regards ¡°lion¡± as the king of animals. Webster¡¯s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language interprets ¡°a person felt to be like a lion especially in courage, ferocity, dignity or dominance (Ò»¸öÏóÊÇʨ×ÓµÄÈË£¬ÌرðÖ¸ÓÂÆø¡¢Ð×ÃÍ¡¢ÍþÑÏ»òȨÊÆ·½Ãæ)¡±. We use ¡°as bold as a lion¡± to describe a brave person. The lion enjoys high prestige. In addition, English people regard lion as the national emblem of Great Britain. ¡°A literary lion¡± is referred to a famous person in the field of literature.
¡°Snake¡± and ¡°ÖÐɽÀÇ¡± share the same figurative meaning in English and Chinese, which are both likened to a person who returns hate for love. The only difference is that Chinese language uses ¡°ÖÐɽÀÇ¡± as association vehicle, but English language uses ¡°snake¡± as association vehicle.
For generation the fable of ¡°ÖÐɽÀÇ¡± has circulated among the people. The story is that: Zhao Jianzi shot at a wolf in the wood. The wolf escaped and asked master Dongguo for help. Mr. Dongguo was softhearted and hid the wounded wolf in his bag to keep it from being caught by Zhao Jianzi. But the wolf wanted to eat him. So the figurative meaning ¡°¶÷½«³ð±¨¡± of ¡°ÖÐɽÀÇ¡± is created.